Pamphlets | Geopolitics, China & the Global South

Archive portrait of Rwanda President Paul Kagame speaking at a youth summit in Kigali in 2024

Rwanda Secures Formula 1’s Return to Africa — but Who Will Share the Gains?

A ten-year F1 agreement promises a Grand Prix in Rwanda in the early 2030s, but infrastructure costs, public benefits and rights concerns require scrutiny before the engines start.

Amara Sankara

6 hours ago

United Nations headquarters in New York. Source: Wikimedia Commons, Headquarters of the United Nations, New York City, 20231001 1103 1006.jpg. License/creator details: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Headquarters%20of%20the%20United%20Nations%2C%20New%20York%20City%2C%2020231001%201103%201006.jpg

Human Rights as Foreign-Policy Leverage: How Selective Enforcement Works

Human-rights reporting may be universal in language, but consequences are political. Egypt aid waivers, West Bank oversight fights and sanctions on international institutions show how strategy shapes enforcement.

USA

Gianna Mao

May 2, 2025

Jean-Bertrand Aristide returns to the National Palace in Port-au-Prince, 15 October 1994. TSGT Val Gempis / U.S. National Archives, public domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:DD-SD-99-03743.jpg

Haiti, Aristide and the Price of Sovereignty

Jean-Bertrand Aristide’s rise, coups, restoration and disputed 2004 departure expose a larger Haitian problem: formal independence inside a political order repeatedly shaped by foreign power.

Haiti

Carlitos Marquez

May 2, 2025

Deng Xiaoping portrait. Wikimedia Commons.

China–Vietnam 1979: When Geopolitics Overrode Socialist Alignment

The 1979 war showed that shared socialist ideology did not eliminate state rivalry. The Sino-Soviet split, Vietnam’s Soviet alliance and regional power politics pushed socialist states into armed conflict.

China

Gianna Mao

Apr 28, 2025

London financial district skyline. Source: Wikimedia Commons, London financial district.jpg. License/creator details: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:London%20financial%20district.jpg

Lenin’s Theory of Imperialism: Monopoly, Finance and the Struggle for the World Economy

Lenin connected monopoly, finance capital and the export of capital to the geopolitical struggle among powerful states. The framework remains useful because it traces foreign policy back to the structure of capital.

Theory & Analysis

Gianna Mao

Apr 26, 2025

Rubble on Gaza’s Wehda Street. Wikimedia Commons.

Palestine and Cuba: Different Systems of Pressure, One Question of Coercive Power

Occupation and war in Palestine are not the same as sanctions on Cuba. The useful comparison is narrower: how stronger states use military, financial and trade power to constrain weaker societies.

Palestine

Gianna Mao

Apr 25, 2025

View of China from the International Space Station. Source: Wikimedia Commons, ISS065-E-31198 - View of China.jpg. License/creator details: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ISS065-E-31198%20-%20View%20of%20China.jpg

Washington Tried to Contain China. Industrial Power Keeps Breaking the Script

U.S.–China rivalry now runs through chips, aircraft, rare earths, AI and industrial policy. China’s productive power means pressure increasingly produces negotiation and retaliation rather than simple compliance.

China

Gianna Mao

Apr 24, 2025

Xi Jinping arriving at Joint Base Andrews. Source: Wikimedia Commons, PRC President Xi Jinping arrives at Joint Base Andrews for state visit B-2479.jpg. License/creator details: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PRC%20President%20Xi%20Jinping%20arrives%20at%20Joint%20Base%20Andrews%20for%20state%20visit%20B-2479.jpg

Xi Jinping’s Marxism: Party Leadership, Development and the Primary Stage of Socialism

Xi Jinping Thought presents reform and modernization as the adaptation of Marxism to Chinese conditions, with Communist Party leadership positioned above the autonomy of capital.

China

Gianna Mao

Apr 21, 2025

Karl Marx photographed by John Jabez Edwin Mayall in 1875. Restored archival photograph / Wikimedia Commons, public domain.

Ten Marx Passages on Class Power, Labor and Revolution

Ten famous Marx passages, restored to the arguments around them: class struggle, exploitation, ideology, workers’ self-emancipation and the relationship between theory and practice.

Theory & Analysis

Gianna Mao

Apr 20, 2025

Pyongyang skyline. Source: Wikimedia Commons, Pyongyang Skyline.jpg. License/creator details: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pyongyang%20Skyline.jpg

The DPRK: An Unresolved War, Heavy Sanctions and a Repressive State

North Korea’s security system grew out of an unresolved war and intense military pressure, while UN investigations have also documented severe internal repression. Both realities matter.

Eurasia

Gianna Mao

Apr 18, 2025

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China Creates 10.52 Million Urban Jobs and Expands Employment Support

Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia Train Together for Super-Typhoon Rescue

Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger Move Toward Shared University Research

Vietnam and Four European Nations Set October 18 Signing for Long-Awaited Trade Deal

China–Laos Railway Surpasses 100 Billion Yuan in Cross-Border Trade

Cuba Builds 144 Solar Farms, Strengthening Daytime Power Despite the Blockade

Burkina Faso Opens Public Primary School Complex for 1,453 Children

China Sets 100 Railway Technology Breakthroughs as Next Five-Year Plan Takes Shape

Ireland’s 300,000 Public Workers Walk Out as Pay Talks Break Down

Vietnam Puts Affordable Rental Housing at the Center of Its Development Drive

China Offers Europe a Trade Partnership Instead of an Escalating Tariff War

China's Qinghai Solar Breakthrough: New 1-GW Plant Stores Energy for After Sunset

Albania's Students Fill Tirana Streets Against Soaring Education Costs

China–DPRK Bridge Set to Open After Years of Delays, Testing a New Trade Corridor

Rwanda Secures Formula 1’s Return to Africa — but Who Will Share the Gains?

Human Rights as Foreign-Policy Leverage: How Selective Enforcement Works

Haiti, Aristide and the Price of Sovereignty

China–Vietnam 1979: When Geopolitics Overrode Socialist Alignment

Lenin’s Theory of Imperialism: Monopoly, Finance and the Struggle for the World Economy

Palestine and Cuba: Different Systems of Pressure, One Question of Coercive Power

Washington Tried to Contain China. Industrial Power Keeps Breaking the Script

Xi Jinping’s Marxism: Party Leadership, Development and the Primary Stage of Socialism

Ten Marx Passages on Class Power, Labor and Revolution

The DPRK: An Unresolved War, Heavy Sanctions and a Repressive State